In December 2021, the Sixth Review Conference of the UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), a 125-member intergovernmental forum that discusses nascent trends in armed conflict and munitions, was unable to progress talks on new legal mechanisms to rein in the development and use of LAWS. It appears that this thesis could soon be tested. Three years later, he was among 116 experts in AI and robotics that signed an open letter to the United Nations warning that LAWS threaten to “permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend.” They raised alarms, as have American philosophers Sam Harris and Noam Chomsky, and tech magnate Elon Musk.Ī major investor in artificial intelligence (AI), Musk told students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2014 that AI was the biggest existential threat to humanity. In the world of imagination beyond the page and screen, savants Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates also saw a looming threat in real-life killer robots, technically classified as lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS). Later came Skynet’s murder machines in the Terminator franchise, the cephalopod Sentinels in The Matrix and the android Gunslingers of Westworld. Dick’s 1968 novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (the inspiration for the Blade Runner movies). This amplifier, for driving the speaker from the RPi's underpowered audio jack.There exists no more consistent theme within the canon of modern science fiction than the fear of the “killer robot,” from Isaac Asimov’s 1950 collection of short stories, I, Robot, to Philip K.This speaker, mounted to the inside of the enclosure.(Optional) Speaker, for making fun, Team-Fortress-inspired sentry gun noises.(Optional, but strongly recommended) Power LED, so I can tell when the damn thing is on.Wiring this directly into the positive output from the battery lead will power-down the entire system. (Optional) Laser sight, mounted to the barrel, for calibration, and eventual PID / Kalman filter integration.On the plus side, it prevents the center of gravity from moving as the tank empties over time. This removes some of the rotating mass from the gimbal setup, putting less strain on the servos, but moves the center of gravity forward, making the gun harder to balance in the beginning. I mounted the CO2 tank on one of the tripod legs, and used a hose to connect it to the actual gun. I used the SmartParts Ion, which you can get for pretty cheap on eBay. This battery is probably overkill for this project, but I liked it because it was the right dimensions to fit into the enclosure I chose, the right voltage to drive the regulator to 5V / 10A, and it has capacity and discharge rate to spare. Enclosure: I used this Pelican 1040 case, and mounted it to the front of the tripod platform using an L-bracket.SPT200 Pan & Tilt Kit (24-tooth spline).Raspberry PI 3, running Raspbian Stretch.Stereo cameras, for target distance estimation and auto-elevation correction.
Add controls for windage and elevation.Use a PID loop or Kalman filter (or something else?) to aim, instead of direct-drive servo movement.Use laser pointer to auto-calibrate or autocorrect aiming / target leading.Given the coordinates in the video frame of the thing we want to hit, translate that into elevation / range angles in our field of fire, and move the servos to "aim".When the disable signal is in the frame, the gun is made safe, and will not fire except by manually pulling the trigger. Also look for the disable signal (stop sign, specific t-shirt logo, etc).A target is the largest contiguous "blob" of changed pixels from one frame to the next (motion-based tracking). Use OpenCV frame-to-frame comparison to determine if there is a target in the frame.Caveat Emptor, and pull requests are welcome. As of this writing (February-ish 2018), none of this is working yet. NOTE: This project is a work in progress. It can be easily modified to use airsoft or Nerf guns. "Shooty" (short for "Rooty Tooty Point-and-Shooty") is an autonomous paintball sentry platform, powered by OpenCV for Python3 on Raspberry Pi.
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